Technical Zone

How to install Ubuntu-9.04 on VMware player

pranky — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 01:49:24 +0000

Hi Folks,

Today, we are going to install Ubuntu-9.04 on windows machine with help of VMware Player.

4 Easy steps for Multiple OS.

1. Download VMPlayer from http://www.vmware.com/download/player.

2. Download VMPlayer and Application from http://www.vmware.com/appliances/directory/220303 select to download Ubuntu 9.04.

3. You will get a VMWare appliance which has it installed already.

4. Extract the zip file to your drive have 10 GB of free space.

5. Go to VMPlayer application and select open, choose the destination folder where you have extract Ubuntu 9.04 and enjoy…

Cheeersss

Note: Please check username and password below description tab at vmware site to login in ubuntu..

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Why Windows Virtual Memory is too low?

pranky — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 13:48:10 +0000

Hi Folks,

Today I am going to discuss about Virtual Memory. I have faced lots of time while restarting the computer or laptop that your Windows Virtual Memory is too low or your system is low on virtual memory

Here I ll discuss how to sort the problem of Windows Virtual Memory is too low.

Virtual memory is an area of your hard disk drive that Windows uses when you run out of available RAM (on your memory sticks). This is one cause; “What is using all of that Memory?”

Paging files is an index table for things that are stored in virtual memory, the bigger the file, the more you can store in virtual memory.

Doing a disk cleanup will help, but it doesn’t address the original problem. You can clean your Registry, and it still isn’t addressing the original problem. But main problem is that something is using all of that memory!!! If your virtual memory is too low, your computer’s performance is probably also suffering, and for the same reasons.
Solution Part I – Clean up your startup programs

When your computer starts up, Windows tells the operating system to fire up several operations that have been configured to run at startup. The only programs you need to run at startup are your anti-virus/anti-spyware programs.

Start–>Run–>Type “msconfig”–>Startup Tab–>Deselect All
Click OKAY and when prompted to do so – Click restart.

When your computer restarts, only the necessary programs will be loaded into memory which will save you lot of space.

Solution Part II – Maximize the memory installed in your computer

Today, memory is really inexpensive compared to 2-3 years ago. If your computer is using Windows XP or Vista’s 32bit operating system it can recognize up to about 3.5GB of RAM (Memory on sticks).

Solution Part III – Increase your virtual memory size

1. right click on my computers, click on properties
2. go to the advanced tab
3. under the performance section, there is a settings button, click it
4. go to the advanced tab
5. you will see three sections: processor scheduling, memory usage, and virtual memory
6. under virtual memory, there is another settings button, click it
7. under the section called “paging file size for selected drive”

you get your error messages when that maximum limit is breached.
8. leave the initial box box unchanged, for the maximum box, it has been recommended that you put double of whatever your RAM size is.

Good Luck.

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What is the Difference Between a Virus, Trojan Horse and Worm?

pranky — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 01:43:19 +0000

The most common blunder when the topic of a computer virus arises is that people will often refer to a Worm or Trojan Horse as a Virus. While the words Trojan, worm, and virus are used interchangeably, they are not the same. Viruses, worms, and Trojan Horses are all malicious programs that can cause damage to your computer, but there are differences between the three, and knowing those differences can help you to better protect your computer from their often damaging effects.

A computer Virus attaches itself to a program or file so it can spread from one computer to another, leaving infections as it travels. Some viruses cause only mildly annoying effects while others can damage your hardware, software, or files. Almost all viruses are attached to an executable file, which means the virus may exist on your computer but it cannot infect your computer unless you run or open the malicious program. It is important to note that a virus cannot be spread without a human action, (such as running an infected program) to keep it going.

A Worm is similar to a virus by its design, and is considered to be a sub-class of a virus. Worms spread from computer to computer, but unlike a virus, it has the ability to travel without any help from a person. A worm takes advantage of file or information transport features on your system, which allows it to travel unaided. The biggest danger with a worm is its ability to replicate itself on your system, so rather than your computer sending out a single worm, it could send out hundreds or thousands of copies of itself, creating a huge devastating effect. One example would be for a worm to send a copy of itself to everyone listed in your e-mail address book. Then, the worm replicates and sends itself out to everyone listed in each of the receiver’s address book, and the manifest continues on down the line. Due to the copying nature of a worm and its ability to travel across networks the end result in most cases is that the worm consumes too much system memory (or network bandwidth), causing Web servers, network servers, and individual computers to stop responding.

A Trojan Horse is full of as much trickery as the mythological Trojan Horse it was named after. The Trojan Horse, at first glance will appear to be useful software but will actually do damage once installed or run on your computer. Those on the receiving end of a Trojan Horse are usually tricked into opening them because they appear to be receiving legitimate software or files from a legitimate source. The Trojan horse itself would typically be a Windows executable program file, and thus must have an executable filename extension such as .exe, .com, .scr, .bat, or .pif. Since Windows is sometimes configured by default to hide filename extensions from a user, the Trojan horse is an extension that might be “masked” by giving it a name such as ‘Readme.txt. exe’. With file extensions hidden, the user would only see ‘Readme.txt’ and could mistake it for a harmless text file. When the recipient double-clicks on the attachment, the Trojan horse might superficially do what the user expects it to do (open a text file, for example), so as to keep the victim unaware of its real, concealed, objectives. Meanwhile, it might discreetly modify or delete files, change the configuration of the computer, or even use the computer as a base from which to attack local or other networks – possibly joining many other similarly infected computers as part of a distributed denial-of-service attack. Unlike viruses and worms, Trojans do not reproduce by infecting other files nor do they self-replicate.

Added into the mix, what is called a blended threat? A blended threat is a sophisticated attack that bundles some of the worst aspects of viruses, worms, Trojan horses and malicious code into one threat. Blended threats use server and Internet vulnerabilities to initiate, transmit and spread an attack.

To be considered a blended thread, the attack would normally serve to transport multiple attacks in one payload. For examplem it wouldn’t just launch a DoS attack — it would also install a backdoor and damage a local system in one shot. The actual attack itself is also not limited to a specific act. For example, rather than a specific attack on predetermined .exe files, a blended thread could modify exe files, HTML files and registry keys at the same time — basically it can cause damage within several areas of your network at one time.

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Announcing the Windows 7 Upgrade Option Program & Windows 7 Pricing

pranky — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 13:44:58 +0000

Windows 7 Home Premium full retail product is $40.00 less than Windows Vista Home Premium today.

In the U.S., this means a customer buying Windows 7 Home Premium upgrade will pay only $119.99 instead of the $129.99 being charged today for its predecessor.

Overall, customers will be paying less and getting more with Windows 7. This includes fun new features such as HomeGroup, Device Stage, Aero Shake, Snap, Peek, Jump Lists and our completely redesigned Windows Taskbar (one of my favorite new features in Windows 7 today). These new features make your PC simpler and much easier to use.

So here’s the low-down on pricing for Windows 7.

And the estimated retail prices for full packaged retail product of Windows 7 in the U.S. are:

Windows 7 Home Premium (Upgrade): $119.99

Windows 7 Professional (Upgrade): $199.99

Windows 7 Ultimate (Upgrade): $219.99

The retail prices for full-packaged retail product of Windows Vista in the U.S. are:

Windows Vista Home Premium (Full): $239.95

Windows Vista Business (Full): $299.95

Windows Vista Ultimate (Full): $399.95

The retail prices for full-packaged retail product of Windows XP in the U.S. are:

Windows XP Home Edition Upgrade: $99.99

Windows XP Home Edition Full: $199.99

Windows XP Professional Upgrade: $199.99

Windows XP Professional Full: $299.99

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How to play flv file in window media player

pranky — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 01:42:42 +0000

Hi Folks,

We all know that Windows Media player does not support FLV file format, for playing FLV files on your Windows Operating system, either you have to install any FLV player or you can simply download this plug in playflv from(playflv) The installation package that enables Windows Media Player to play FLV (Flash Video) files. PlayFLV plugin binds FLV files to Windows Media player so when you double click on the FLV files it directly open in Windows Media Player. PlayFLV Plugin is very easy to install simply download it and double click on it will automatically install on to your system.

Cheeeerrrrss Enjoy

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What is Cloud Computing.

pranky — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 13:45:50 +0000

Cloud Computing.. A next generation technology.

Cloud computing has the ability to access software or information that can be delivered on-demand, over the internet, without the need to store it locally.
If you are thinking of building Web application, sooner you will come across some type of cloud computing.

Let’s have a look how it work.

Let’s say you’re an administrator at a large organization. Your responsibilities include making sure that all of your employees have the right hardware and software they need to do their jobs. Buying computers for everyone isn’t enough you also have to purchase software or software licenses to give employees the tools they require. Whenever you have a new hire, you have to buy more software. It’s so stressful.

Cloud computing fulfil this requirement. Let’s have a look on below details.

1) In the personal way, cloud computing means that all of your data storage and all of your applications live somewhere in the cloud rather than on your machine. Once upon a time, you ran an email application on your desktop machine or laptop, and all of your email was stored on your local hard drive. But for the millions of people using GMail or Yahoo mail, their emails exist on a Google or Yahoo server and the application runs in a web browser. You can access your email from anywhere in the world. If you do that same kind of thing with all your documents, photos, songs, etc., then all of your data and all of your applications are in the cloud. You no longer have to worry about backing up your hard drive or losing your machine.

2) You can now do the same kind of thing in the business realm. It used to be that if you wanted to run a large web site, you had to buy server machines, put them in racks in a hosting facility and manage those machines yourself. Now you can go to a place like Google (Google Apps) or Amazon (S3) and use their servers and hard disk space. You don’t have to manage the machines at all, and if you need more capacity it is available almost instantly.

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How to enable mod rewrite module in apache

pranky — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 01:45:05 +0000

Hi Folks,

How to enable mod rewrite module in apache…

How to check weather mod_rewrite module is enabled or not?

Well I ll show how to check whether mod rewrite is on your apache server.

1) Type in a php file and save it and run that file in the server.
2) And now you can the list of information, just search the word “mod_rewrite” from the browser’s search menu
3) If it is found under the “Loaded Modules” section then this module is already loaded as you see in the picture below, otherwise you need to go to the next step for enabling mod_rewrite module.

check mod rewrite module

How to enable mod_rewrite module in apache in xampp, wamp?

Now, I’ll show you how to enable mod_rewrite module in apache installed under windows environment.
1) Find the “httpd.conf” file under the “conf” folder inside the Apache’s installation folder.
2) Find the following line “#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so” in the “httpd.conf” file.You can do this easily by searching the keyword “mod_rewrite” from find menu.
3) Remove the “#” at the starting of the line, “#” represents that line is commented.
4) Now restart the apache server.
5) You can see now “mod_rewrite” in the Loaded Module section while doing “phpinfo()”.

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How to Create your own yum repository

pranky — Sun, 27 Nov 2011 13:41:51 +0000

The standard RPM package management tool in Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and CentOS is the yum package manager. Yum works quite well. Using it with official and third-party repositories is a breeze to set up, but what if you want to use your own repository? Perhaps you manage a large computer lab or network and need to have — or want to have — certain packages available to these systems that you maintain in-house. Or perhaps you simply want to set up your own repository to share a few RPM packages.

Creating your own yum repository is very simple, and very straightforward. In order to do it, you need the createrepo tool, which can be found in the createrepo package, so to install it, execute as root:

# yum install createrepo

Once the package is installed, you can begin creating your repository. You will also need some RPM packages to create the repository with. Decide where you want to store your repository; let’s say, /var/ftp/repo will be the base directory.

Depending on how particular you want to get, you can dump everything to a single repository or keep things organized. So let’s assume you will be creating a repository for Fedora 10 and have i386 package you want to be made available with it. I would create an appropriate directory tree using the following commands:

# mkdir -p /var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10/{SRPMS,i386,x86_64}

Now copy your i386 packages to /var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10/i386, your x86_64 packages to /var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10/x86_64, and the SRPMS you have (if wanted) to /var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10/SRPMS. To easily automate the creation of the repository metadata, create a shell script called create-my-repo and place it somewhere in your PATH:

#!/bin/sh

destdir=”/var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10″

for arch in i386

pushd ${destdir}/${arch} >/dev/null 2>&1

createrepo .

popd >/dev/null 2>&1

done

Make the script executable and whenever you run it, it will call the createrepo tool on the directories: /var/ftp/repo/Fedora/10/i386. Once this is done, your repository is ready for use.

If /var/ftp is the available FTP root, then ftp://hostname.com/repo/Fedora/10/i386 would be the download URL for the i386 packages. To make this available to the other client systems, create a yum repository configuration file called /etc/yum.repos.d/my.repo with the following contents:

[myrepo]

name=My Repository

baseurl=ftp://hostname.com/repo/Fedora/10/$basearch

enabled=1

This file can be used on i386 client due to the “$basearch” specifier. It will be enabled the next time “yum update” is run.

Creating your own yum repository is very easy and very straightforward, and is a great way for administrators to distribute specialized packages within an organization.

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10 Reasons you’ ll want to Install Ubuntu 9.04

pranky — Sun, 27 Nov 2011 01:45:08 +0000

Ubuntu has brought Linux to the masses better than any other Linux distribution. And with its recent 9.04 release, Ubuntu has not only continued to create one of the most user-friendly operating systems available, it has made it faster and more reliable. Let’s take a look to see if there is one (or 10) reasons to entice you to install Ubuntu 9.04. The following are in no certain order.

1: Ext 4 file system

Yes, it’s still in development, and it’s probably not wise to use on production systems, but what ext4 promises will be a real boon to enterprise-level computing (especially on the server end). With the ext4 file system, you will find support for volumes up to 1 exabyte and files sizes up to 16 terabytes. The ext4 file system also replaces traditional block mapping with extents. An extent is a range of single, contiguous physical blocks, which will improve performance for large files as well as reduce fragmentation. Another ext4 feature that will be of interest for enterprise-level needs is that it breaks the 32,000 subdirectory barrier found in ext3. With ext4, a directory can now hold 64,000 subdirectories. Finally, ext4 employs checksums to improve the reliability of journals. Not only will this improve reliability, it will also avoid disk I/O during the journaling process, providing a slight boost to performance.

2: GNOME 2.26.1

This is the first update to the 2.26 release of GNOME, and the bug fixes are aplenty. Most notable fixes for the desktop are for GNOME Desktop Core, Nautilus (file manager), Brasero (CD Burning suite), Evolution (groupware suite), GNOME Panel, Glib, and gtk+. After about a week’s worth of use, I can safely say this is probably the most stable, useful GNOME I have experienced. It was also helpful that Ubuntu did a bit of tweaking to the standard GNOME menu layout. Many of the changes won’t be immediately apparent, but will be noticed over time as you use various features. One nice improvement is placing the logout button outside the menu system and making it a panel button. Now logging out, restarting, or shutting down is as simple as a button click. Another outstanding new feature is MAPI support in Evolution.

3: Speed

Ubuntu 9.04 shows a marked improvement in both the boot process and the desktop. The biggest improvement is with the boot process. I have noticed the boot process of machines running 9.04 cut at least in half. The desktop has also enjoyed a boost in speed, with applications starting up in a fraction of their usual times. Most notable are startup times for OpenOffice and Firefox.

4: Cleanup Janitor

This new feature allows users to remove junk from their system to save space. Cleanup Janitor cleans up packages that were installed to meet dependencies but that are no longer needed, packages that are no longer supported, and configuration tweaks that are missing from the system. This utility will automatically find anything on your system that is not needed and give you the option to either remove it or fix it. You will find that a fresh installation won’t have much cruft (if any). But Cleanup Janitor will become useful over time when applications leave enough behind to pile up and take up space.

5: Nautilus encryption

This is one outstanding feature that was built into the Nautilus file manager. From within any directory (that you have permissions to act upon), you can right-click a file (or directory) and you will see two new menu entries: Encrypt and Sign. Of course, you’ll have to have a key generated to use either of these menu entries. Fortunately for those users new to encryption, an outstanding GUI for that very purpose is included with Ubuntu 9.04. Once a key is generated, a user can encrypt and/or sign directories and files with a simple right-click from within Nautilus.

6: Xorg 1.6

With the inclusion of 1.6, more video cards will find support from Ubuntu. ATI video cards will enjoy EXA acceleration by default, R6xx and R7xx cards will have 2D support, R5xx cards will have 3D support, and an updated (albeit proprietary) fglrx driver offers R6xx/R7xx 3D support. NVidia cards will no longer need to install a proprietary driver, thanks to the Nouveau drivers. Much time has been put into reverse engineering these drivers so that users of NVidia can enjoy outstanding performance and features while still enjoying open source drivers. You will also find much improved multi-monitor support.

7: Notifications and system messages

One of the nits to be picked in past releases was that notifications and system messages seemed to be done by many people, which lead to an inconsistent feel. Ubuntu now has a unified notification system. This system combines the notifications of all applications into a single interface. This also includes new, unified icons for notifications. This will keep the notification area much cleaner than prior releases.

8: Native ARM support

This is going to be a real boon for those who own or plan to release mid to low-end ARM-based netbooks. It’s especially interesting since Freescale is planning the release of an ARM-based sub-$200 netbook within the year. You may have an ARM-based PC or netbook lying around just waiting to be given new life. If so, Ubuntu 9.04 is what you need. If you don’t have an ARM-based netbook handy, rest assured that soon, ARM-based netbooks will hit the shelves. When they do, you’ll be ready with Ubuntu.

9: Better menu layout

I mentioned this briefly, but it deserves much more attention. One of the issues that can hinder a good user experience on a desktop is intuitive menus. GNOME has come a long way with this, but it needed a little help from Ubuntu. Now the default GNOME menu system makes perfect sense. Everything is not only where you think it should be, it’s all easy to navigate. Even some of the OpenOffice components are split out of the Office menu (one example is OpenOffice Draw, now on the Graphics menu.) I was never a huge GNOME fan, but I have to say with regard to menu layout, it’s the best of the best.

10: Better wireless support

Much of this comes thanks to the 2.6.28 kernel, where a more feature-rich wireless stack has been worked in. The wireless in the kernel also has a farther reaching support for wireless devices. Thankfully, this will translate to fewer users having to install drivers to get their wireless NICs and cards to work.

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What is svchost.exe?

pranky — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 13:45:00 +0000

You are no doubt reading this article because you are wondering why on earth there are nearly a dozen processes running with the name svchost.exe. You can’t kill them, and you don’t remember starting them… so what are they?

So What Is It?

According to Microsoft: “svchost.exe is a generic host process name for services that run from dynamic-link libraries”. Could we have that in english please?

Some time ago, Microsoft started moving all of the functionality from internal Windows services into .dll files instead of .exe files. From a programming perspective this makes more sense for reusability… but the problem is that you can’t launch a .dll file directly from Windows, it has to be loaded up from a running executable (.exe). Thus the svchost.exe process was born.

Why Are There So Many svchost.exes Running?

If you’ve ever taken a look at the Services section in control panel you might notice that there are a Lot of services required by Windows. If every single service ran under a single svchost.exe instance, a failure in one might bring down all of Windows… so they are separated out.

Those services are organized into logical groups, and then a single svchost.exe instance is created for each group. For instance, one svchost.exe instance runs the 3 services related to the firewall. Another svchost.exe instance might run all the services related to the user interface, and so on.

So What Can I Do About It?

You can trim down unneeded services by disabling or stopping the services that don’t absolutely need to be running. Additionally, if you are noticing very heavy CPU usage on a single svchost.exe instance you can restart the services running under that instance.

The biggest problem is identifying what services are being run on a particular svchost.exe instance… we’ll cover that below.

If you are curious what we’re talking about, just open up Task Manager and check the “Show processes from all users” box:

Checking From the Command Line (Vista or XP Pro)

If you want to see what services are being hosted by a particular svchost.exe instance, you can use the tasklist command from the command prompt in order to see the list of services.

tasklist /SVC

The problem with using the command line method is that you don’t necessarily know what these cryptic names refer to.

Checking in Task Manager in Vista

You can right-click on a particular svchost.exe process, and then choose the “Go to Service” option.

This will flip over to the Services tab, where the services running under that svchost.exe process will be selected:

The great thing about doing it this way is that you can see the real name under the Description column, so you can choose to disable the service if you don’t want it running.

Using Process Explorer in Vista or XP

You can use the excellent Process Explorer utility from Microsoft/Sysinternals to see what services are running as a part of a svchost.exe process.

Hovering your mouse over one of the processes will show you a popup list of all the services:

Or you can double-click on a svchost.exe instance and select the Services tab, where you can choose to stop one of the services if you choose.

Disabling Services

Open up Services from the administrative tools section of Control Panel, or type services.msc into the start menu search or run box.

Find the service in the list that you’d like to disable, and either double-click on it or right-click and choose Properties.

Change the Startup Type to Disabled, and then click the Stop button to immediately stop it.

You could also use the command prompt to disable the service if you choose. In this command “trkwks” is the Service name from the above dialog, but if you go back to the tasklist command at the beginning of this article you’ll notice you can find it there as well.

sc config trkwks start= disabled

Cheers!!!!!